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Multiple benefits of the closed suction system

Clearance of airway secretions is a normal process and is critical to the prevention of respiratory infections, atelectasis, and preservation of airway patency. Patients on mechanical ventilation and intubated patients are at risk of increased secretions as they are sedated, supine, and have mechanical adjuncts that prevent spontaneous clearance of secretions. Suctioning can help maintain and establish the gas exchange, adequate oxygenation, and alveolar ventilation. (Virteeka Sinha, 2022 )

Endotracheal suctioning by open or closed-suction systems is a common practice in caring for mechanically ven-tilated patients. There are various advantages of usinga closed-suction catheter system (CSCS) over the open-suction system. (Neeraj Kumar, 2020)

As early as 1987,G C Carlon proposed that a potential advantage of closed-suction systems is preventing the dissemination of contaminated secretions, which are dispersed when the patient is disconnected from the ventilator and inspiratory gas flow persists. In 2018, Emma Letchford reviewed through an electronic database search of articles published between January 2009 and March 2016, concluded that closed-suction systems may better prevent late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia. Subglottic secretion drainage reduces ventilator-associated pneumonia incidence.

The closed-suction systems is easy to use, less time consuming, and better tolerated by the patients. (Neeraj Kumar, 2020) In addition, there are many other benefits of closed suctioning system in other aspects of treatment. Ali Mohammad pour (2015)compared changes in pain, oxygenation, and ventilation following endotracheal suctioning with open and closed suctioning systems in post coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients and revealed that patients’oxygenation and ventilation are better preserved with closed suctioning system.

 

References

[1] Sinha V, Semien G, Fitzgerald BM. Surgical Airway Suctioning. 2022 May 1. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan–. PMID: 28846240.

[2] Kumar N, Singh K, Kumar A, Kumar A. Unusual cause of hypoxia due to incomplete removal of the closed suction catheter system during COVID-19 ventilation. J Clin Monit Comput. 2021 Dec;35(6):1529-1530. doi: 10.1007/s10877-021-00695-z. Epub 2021 Apr 4. PMID: 33813640; PMCID: PMC8019526.

[3] Letchford E, Bench S. Ventilator-associated pneumonia and suction: a review of the literature. Br J Nurs. 2018 Jan 11;27(1):13-18. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2018.27.1.13. PMID: 29323990.

[4] Mohammadpour A, Amini S, Shakeri MT, Mirzaei S. Comparing the effect of open and closed endotracheal suctioning on pain and oxygenation in post CABG patients under mechanical ventilation. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2015 Mar-Apr;20(2):195-9. PMID: 25878695; PMCID: PMC4387642.

[5]Carlon GC, Fox SJ, Ackerman NJ. Evaluation of a closed-tracheal suction system. Crit Care Med. 1987 May;15(5):522-5. doi: 10.1097/00003246-198705000-00015. PMID: 3552445.


Post time: Sep-09-2022